Estimation of fractal dimension and b-value of earthquakes in the Himalayan region

The Himalayan belt is known for seismic activities; however, activities across this are not uniform due to various factors, including stress regime, heterogeneity of subsurface material, and the manner by which major tectonic Indian plate colliding with Eurasian plate. In study, three sample regions spanning northwest northeast Himalayas (Kashmir, Nepal, regions) were selected, their b-values fractal dimensions from investigation period 1973–2015 calculated. Subsequently, b-value was calculated via Gutenberg–Richter relation maximum likelihood method, whereas dimension or D-value using correlation integral technique. Upon subdividing time duration into six equal interval subsets, a variation in can be observed over years. selected ensure sufficiency data each subset an adequate number subsets comparisons. From low b-values, possible high-stress asperities inferred, material Himalayas. An increase on moving during investigation. D-value, extent epicentre cluster observed, revealing that epicentres far more clustered point Nepal than two other regions. spatial distribution less 1D (fractal dimension) Himalayas, indicating along particular geological linear features, such as faults. Hence, comparative study achieved. On basis b-value, types fault tectonics predicted, frequency earthquakes these better understood.